(Pula hao,Papa hao,Pāpaʻa)Makeʻike Manaʻo – Nā Manaʻo – Nā Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai honua ka nānā ʻana i ka mākeke metala no nā kumukūʻai kila Makahiki 2023+ Kūʻai Kūʻai kila.

(Pula hao,Papa hao,Pāpaʻa)Makeʻike Manaʻo – Nā Manaʻo – Nā Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai honua ka nānā ʻana i ka mākeke metala no nā kumukūʻai kila Makahiki 2023+ Kūʻai Kūʻai kila.

ʻO ka memo e pili ana e noʻonoʻo ana i nā wānana kumukūʻai kila - ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nānā ʻana no nā kumukūʻai kila honua ma 2023 a ma waho.

ʻO ka pōʻai kumukūʻai - ʻike MCI

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o nā kumukūʻai kila honua ʻo ia ka cyclical kiʻekiʻe.E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka pakuhi ma lalo nei, ke neʻe nei nā kumukūʻai mai ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka lua i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ke nānā nei i ke kumu kūʻai no nā huahana kila maʻamau e like me ka hot rolled coil (HRC) a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka pā, ua loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kaulana loa i ʻAukake 2011, ʻApelila 2018 a me Kepakemapa 2021;me nā pahu kumu kūʻai e kū ana ma Mei 2009, Fepeluali 2016 a me Iune 2020. Ma waena o kēia mau huahana, ʻo ka awelika o ka peak-to-peak a i ʻole ka pahu-i-trough manawa ma luna o nā makahiki he 25 a i ʻole i ka ~3-4 mau makahiki.I ko mākou manaʻo, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai aʻe ma waena o 2028 a ʻo ke kumu kumu kūʻai e hiki mai ana ma waena o 2025.